ONE WATT Building Challenge
World Green Building Week is going on and what better than to challenge the imaginations and limits of sustainable engineering? McD BERL proposes the aspirational challenge of the One-Watt Building.
One-Watt Building:
Think of a commercial office building with an electrical demand load of only one watt per square foot. Traditionally, this is impossible to even conceptualize.
The breakup of the electrical load of a typical commercial building:
- Computer Load: 2 W/Sq. Ft
- Lighting Load: 0.8 W/Sq. Ft
- HVAC Load: 2 W/ Sq. Ft
- Others (Server, PHE, Ventilation, etc): 1.2 W/Sq. Ft
The breakup of the electrical load of an energy-efficient building:
- Computer Load: 1 W/Sq. Ft
- Lighting Load: 0.3 W/Sq. Ft
- HVAC Load: 0.8 W/Sq. Ft
- Others (Server, PHE, Ventilation, etc.): 0.9 W/Sq. Ft
But to achieve a truly 1 W/ Sq. Ft Building, we must go further.
Reduce Urban Heat Island – As a first step, it’s important to address the immediate outdoor environment. The ambient air temperature around the building must be reduced. Designing to take advantage of wind flow, incorporation of vegetation, water bodies, and right surface finishes positively influence the outdoors. A cooler microclimate reduces the need for air conditioning.
Shading – Creating extensive shading for windows and walls directly reduces the heat striking the building skin
Reduce Envelope Load – Reduce the heat gain from the envelope by the addition of wall and roof insulation and low-E glass. Optimum window-to-wall ratio without hampering the natural light and ventilation majorly reduces the envelope load.
100% Daylight – Daylight strategies eliminate the need for artificial lights between 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. Even the distribution of daylight across the floor plate enhances occupant visual comfort and provides a better working environment.
Thermal Mass – Built mass acts as a thermal storage medium and delays heat entry into the space during the day. It stores heat during the day and releases it at night when it is cool. Thus, keeping the indoors comfortable throughout the day.
Computers
- Use energy-efficient computers that consume less than 50 Watts.
- Utilize Operating System Power Settings and
- Use Energy-Efficient Software to set the computer to sleep or hibernate after a certain period of inactivity.
Lifts
- High-Efficiency Motors
- Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs)
- Regenerative Drive System
- Energy Storage System
- Intelligent Control System
STP (Sewage Treatment Plant)
- Design BIO STP or DEWATS for no use of electricity
- Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems (DEWATS)
- Bio Septic Tank Systems (BIO STP)
Design a passive cooling system
- Natural Ventilation Techniques
- Wind Towers or Wind Catchers
- Design Solar chimneys
- Use stack Ventilation
Design ultra-low energy cooling system
- Such as an Earth air tunnel and passive down draft evaporative cooling system to cool the building in summer
- Passive downdraught evaporative cooling (PDEC) system
- Earth Air Tunnel system
- Night Ventilation
Take the challenge to design a 1W/Sq. Ft building with McD BERL. Contact us for more information.